悼

Phono-semantic compound:

心 — semantic component (“heart,” “emotion”)

卓 — phonetic component (탁/도, zhuó/dào)

Thus the meaning: an emotion (heart) expressed with the sound series 卓 — grief/sorrow.

추도 (追悼) — memorial mourning; to pay tribute to the deceased

애도 (哀悼) — lamentation; heartfelt grief

진도 (進悼) — formal offering of mourning (literary)

도심 (悼心) — sorrowful heart (rare/literary)

All commonly appear in Sino-Korean vocabulary related to mourning.

悼 belongs to the emotional-heart radical group:

哀 — sorrow, lament

慟 — to wail in grief

悲 — sorrow, sadness

Compared to 悲 (general sadness), 悼 specifically implies mourning for someone deceased.

Characters sharing 卓 as phonetic often carry meanings of height, prominence, or emphasis, but when paired with 心, the meaning shifts to emotion emphasized, sorrow.

悼 frequently appears in historical records during:

- royal funerals

- national tragedies

- elegies for officials or heroes

Thus, it has a strong ceremonial and moral association in classical literature.

Classical citations:

《詩經·邶風·旄丘》 (Book of Odes)

「 喪亂既平，則民悼之。」

“When the turmoil is calmed, the people mourn for it.”

Shows 悼 used for collective public mourning.

《左傳·襄公二十九年》 (Zuo Commentary)

「 君子悼之。」

“The gentlemen mourned for him.”

Used to express ritual or moral sorrow by noblemen.

《史記·屈原賈生列傳》 (Records of the Grand Historian)

「 國人痛悼。」

“The people of the state deeply mourned (him).”

Shows 悼 as a word for deep ceremonial grief.