射
- to shoot;
- to emit;
- to hit;
Etymology
Ideogram is not a phono-semantic compound.
Oracle bone script (甲骨文 jiǎgǔwén):
Depicted a bow with an arrow nocked, visually showing the act of drawing a bow to shoot.
Bronze inscriptions (金文 jinwen):
Added the component 又 (우, “hand”) to indicate that a hand is pulling the bowstring.
Small seal script (小篆):
The bow-arrow form was distorted and reinterpreted as 身 (신, “body”), and the hand 又 turned into 寸 (촌, “span/hand measure”).
This mistaken evolution produced the form that remains in use today.
Usage in Korean
The hanja 射 has multiple meanings:
“to shoot, to fire” (쏘다) – e.g., shooting arrows;
“to emit, to radiate” (방출하다) – like rays of light or energy;
“to hit a target” (맞히다).
Also used as the name of official ranks, in musical terminology, and with the meaning “to dislike.”