譴

A phono-semantic compound consists of:

言 (speech) — semantic component, indicates that the action is verbal;

遣 (to send) — phonetic component, supplies pronunciation "gyeon / qiǎn" and adds nuance of “sending away” or “dispatching.”

Thus the original sense suggests “sending words of blame” or “dispatching reproach.”

The character means to formally reprimand someone, especially:

- for moral misconduct;

- for political wrongdoing;

- for violation of duty.

In classical contexts, 譴 often implies official censure.

견책 (譴責) — reprimand

책망 (譴望) — blame (literary)

견책하다 (譴責하다) — to censure

譴 differs from related characters:

責 — to blame (emphasis on responsibility)

罰 — to punish (focus on penalty)

咎 — fault; blame (moral error)

訓 — to instruct (corrective guidance)

The character emphasizes formal verbal condemnation, often from authority. It is stronger and more official than casual scolding (叱).

Related characters:

責 — blame

罰 — punish

咎 — fault

訓 — instruct

遣 — to send (phonetic element)

Among these, 譴 most clearly denotes authoritative condemnation expressed through speech.

Classical / formal usage:

天譴 — heavenly punishment (literally “heaven’s reproach”)

譴責不貸 — “Reprimand without leniency.”

強烈譴責 — “Strongly condemn.” (modern diplomatic formula)