墮

Formed as a phono-semantic compound:

土 (earth, soil) provides the semantic element, evoking the sense of falling to the ground.

隋 (name of the Sui dynasty; also a phonetic element) provides the phonetic component.

The character originally expressed the idea of something collapsing downward, later extended metaphorically to moral or social decline.

Semantic range:

- to fall, drop down (떨어지다);

- to collapse, crumble (무너지다);

- to degenerate, become depraved (타락하다, 堕落).

타락 (墮落) — depravity, corruption, moral decline

쇠퇴 (衰墮) — deterioration, decline

추락 (墮落) — fall, drop

낙하 (墮下) — falling down