甫
- great;
- just beginning;
- honorific (for a man);
Etymology
Originally pictographic; later used by phonetic/semantic extension.
In oracle bone (甲骨文) and bronze inscriptions (金文 jinwen), 甫 depicts:
田 — cultivated field
屮 — sprouting plant
Together, this forms an image of sprouts emerging from a field, symbolizing growth, beginning, and fullness of life.
When 甫 was increasingly borrowed for abstract meanings (“great,” “begin”), its original agricultural sense was preserved by adding 囗, producing:
圃 — vegetable garden, kitchen garden
At the same time, the internal shape shifted from 田 → 用, producing the modern form 甫.
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字) explains 甫 as 用 + 父, interpreting it as a male honorific.
Modern scholarship considers this a misinterpretation based on small-seal script only, ignoring oracle and bronze evidence.
Core meanings:
- great; large; full-grown
- to begin; just now; at first
- honorific term for a man (classical usage)
Additional notes
甫 represents growth at its first fullness — not the seed, but the moment it emerges. It suggests early stage with potential.
Often paired with verbs to indicate recent initiation.
Carries a dignified, classical tone when used honorifically.
Unlike 始 (“to begin”), 甫 emphasizes the moment immediately after beginning, not the act itself.
In classical Chinese, 甫 is frequently used as:
- a temporal adverb (“just now”)
- a marker of initial completion
《論語》 (Analects)
「甫見其人。」
“Only then did I see the man.”
Here 甫 functions adverbially, meaning “just now / only just.”
《左傳》 (Zuo Zhuan)
「甫能行之。」
“Only then was he able to carry it out.”
Indicates the very beginning of capability or action.
- 戈十月 (IJB)
- ⿻⿺ 十 丶 月