煖

Phonetic–semantic compound:

火 (“fire”) — semantic indicator (heat, warmth)

爰 (“thereupon; accordingly”) — phonetic component giving the sound (wan / nan)

In modern Korean, 煖 is rare, replaced by 暖 in most contexts.

난방 (煖房) — heating (usually written 暖房 today)

난기 (煖氣) — warm air

온난화 (溫煖化) — warming (variant forms used in older texts)

煖 and 暖 historically alternated; many ancient manuscripts mix the two.

In oracle/bronze inscriptions, only 暖’s ancestors appear; 煖 is a later differentiation.

The phonetic component 爰 also appears in words with similar readings, such as 緩 (완), 援 (원), 源 (원).

Classical citations:

《詩經·豳風·七月》 (The Book of Songs)

「九月叔苖，采荼薪樗，以煖我民。」

“In the ninth month they gather fuelwood to warm my people.”

煖 = “to warm” (variant form used interchangeably with 暖).

《楚辭·招魂》 (Chu Ci)

「室煖暖些。」

“Your chamber is warm and gentle.”

煖 = pleasant warmth.